Share:


Integration of migrants into the country’s social environment: the case of Lithuania

    Ieva Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė Affiliation
    ; Renata Činčikaitė Affiliation

Abstract

Migration is one of today’s most sensitive and relevant topics. In 2022 alone, 32.5 million people worldwide will have left their country due to war, political instability, economic hardship, climate change, and other reasons. In recent years, the constantly growing flow of migrants to developed countries poses increasing challenges to the institutions and organizations of those countries, which are looking for new ways of integrating migrants into the social environment. It is difficult for state institutions that do not have the right tools to assess the integrity of the state, and it is difficult to control the ongoing migration processes and quickly make decisions regarding the increased flows of migrants, which could be solved promptly with minimal use of resources. One of the most important solutions for overcoming the challenges of migration is using a dynamic complex instrument that would allow us here and now to identify the causes of changes and efficiently mobilize the necessary resources to solve the challenges of migration that are usually not planned. The article aims to form a complex evaluation instrument to integrate migrants into the social environment. To achieve the goal, a systematic, comparative analysis of concepts and methods published in the scientific literature, statistical processing, and multi-criteria evaluation methods (COPRAS), and the method of determining weight coefficients (CRITIC) is applied.

Keyword : migration, integration of migrants, social environment

How to Cite
Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, I., & Činčikaitė, R. (2023). Integration of migrants into the country’s social environment: the case of Lithuania. Business: Theory and Practice, 24(2), 571–583. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2023.20189
Published in Issue
Dec 12, 2023
Abstract Views
303
PDF Downloads
295
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Agliari, E., Barra, A., Contucci, P., Pizzoferrato, A., & Vernia, C. (2018). Social interaction effects on immigrant integration. Palgrave Communications, 4(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0097-5

Ambrosetti, E., Strangio, D., de Wenden, C. W. (2016). Migration in the Mediterranean: Socio-economic perspectives. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315629957

Anderson, B., & Blinder, S. (2019). Who counts as a migrant? Definitions and their consequences. The Migration Observatory.

Bartkevičienė, A., & R. Raudeliūnaitė, A. B. R. (2012). The need of integration measures for immigrants in Lithuania from Non-European countries arrived. Social Work, 11(2).

Bevelander, P., & Lundh, C. (2007). Employment integration of refugees: The influence of local factors on refugee job opportunities in Sweden (IZA Discussion Paper No. 2551). SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.958714

Bondarenko, S., Tkach, I., Drobotov, S., Mysyk, A., & Plutytska, K. (2020). National resilience as a determinant of national security of Ukraine. Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering, 14(1), 87–93.

Bruneckiene, J., Cincikaite, R., & Kilijoniene, A. (2012). The specifics of measurement the urban competitiveness at the national and international level. Engineering Economics, 23(3), 256–270. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.23.3.1272

Canovas, M., Guay, J.-F., Fournier, V., & Cloutier, C. (2023). Pest thrips do not set field margins aside: Preferred wildflowers sustain pest Frankliniella spp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and their migration in commercial strawberry. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 17(3), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-023-09955-y

Castles, S. (2018). Social transformation and human mobility: Reflections on the past, present and future of migration. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 39(2), 238–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/07256868.2018.1444351

Cullen, D. A., Cease, A. J., Latchininsky, A. V., Ayali, A., Berry, K., Buhl, J., De Keyser, R., Foquet, B., Hadrich, J. C., Mathe­son, T., Ott, S. R., Poot-Pech, M. A., Robinson, B. E., Smith, J. M., Song, H., Sword, G. A., Vanden Broeck, J., Verdonck, R., Verlinden, H., & Rogers, S. M. (2017). Chapter seven – from molecules to management: Mechanisms and consequences of locust phase polyphenism. Advances in Insect Physiology, 53, 167–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiip.2017.06.002

Čepeliauskaitė, G. (2018). The analysis of effective immigrant integration policy in Lithuania: Practice and problems. Viešoji politika ir administravimas, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.17.3.21956

Činčikaitė, R., & Paliulis, N. (2013). Assessing competitiveness of Lithuanian cities. Economics and Management, 18(3), 490–500. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.em.18.3.4307

de Haas, H. (2021). A theory of migration: The aspirations-capabilities framework. Comparative Migration Studies, 9(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-020-00210-4

Demidenko, V. (2019). Priverstinių migrantų integracijos visuomenėje edukaciniai veiksniai [daktaro disertacija, Kauno Technologijos universitetas].

Diakoulaki, D., Mavrotas, G., & Papayannakis, L. (1995). Determining objective weights in multiple criteria problems: The critic method. Computers & Operations Research, 22(7), 763–770. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0548(94)00059-H

Erentaitė, R., & Sotirovič, V. P. (2012). Lyties aspektas migracijos procesuose: trečiųjų Šalių piliečių situacijos Lietuvoje analizė. The Gender Perspective in Migration: Analysis of Third Country Nationals in Lithuania, 1/2, 178–203. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sih&AN=84979586&%5Cnlang=es&site=ehost-live

Ette, A., Décieux, J. P., Erlinghagen, M., Genoni, A., Auditor, J. G., Knirsch, F., Kühne, S., Mörchen, L., Sand, M., Schneider, N. F., & Witte, N. (2020). German emigration and Remigration Panel Study (GERPS): Methodology and data manual of the baseline survey (wave 1). Federal Institute for Population Research. https://orbilu.uni.lu/bitstream/10993/42875/1/GERPS-Manuskript_Final.pdf

European Commission. (2010). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions – Towards a comprehensive European international investment policy. Eur-Lex.

European Committee for Standardization. (2005). Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures – Part 1–9: Fatigue (EN 1993-1-9). https://www.phd.eng.br/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/en.1993.1.9.2005-1.pdf

Eur-Lex. (2009). Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32009L0028

Eurostat. (2023a). Quarterly national accounts – GDP and employment. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Quarterly_national_accounts_-_GDP_and_employment

Eurostat. (2023b). Living conditions in Europe – income distribution and income inequality. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Living_conditions_in_Europe_-_income_distribution_and_income_inequality

Eurostat. (2023c). Demography 2023 edition. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/interactive-publications/demography-2023

Eurostat. (2023d). Tourism statistics – annual results for the accommodation sector. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Tourism_statistics_-_annual_results_for_the_accommodation_sector&oldid=581484

Eurostat. (2023e). Culture statistics – cultural participation. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Culture_statistics_-_cultural_participation&oldid=451367

Eurostat. (2023f). Education and training. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/education-and-training

Eurostat. (2023g). Crime statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Crime_statistics

Eurostat. (2023h). Third country nationals ordered to leave by citizenship, age and sex – quarterly data (rounded). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/MIGR_EIORD1__custom_4502773/default/line?lang=en

Eurostat. (2023i). Corruption. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/internal-security/corruption_en

International Organization for Migration. (2023). IOM Definition of “Migrant”. https://www.iom.int/who-migrant-0

Jokubaitis, A., & Norkus, Z. (2006). Socialinės gerovės koncepcijos ir pilietybės renta kaip viešosios politikos orientyrai. Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas, 18, 5–36. https://doi.org/10.15388/SocMintVei.2006.2.6015

Kindler, M. (2021). Networking in contexts: Qualitative social network analysis’ insights into migration processes. Global Networks, 21(3), 513–528. https://doi.org/10.1111/glob.12310

Korom, P. (2023). Collective biographies and career pathways. In Star sociologists (pp. 103–132). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13938-3_5

Leveckytė, E., & Junevičius, A. (2014). Lithuanian Migration Policy in respect of third-country nationals: Experience and tendencies. Viešoji politika ir administravimas, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.13.1.6758

Lithuanian Statistical Data Portal. (2023). Gyventojų migracija. https://osp.stat.gov.lt/gyventoju-migracija

Loukidis, D., Tzampoglou, P., Stylianou, T., Pogiatzis, L., & Lazarou, G. (2023). The importance of desiccation cracks in water migration inside expansive ground. E3S Web of Conferences, 382, 24005. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338224005

Madic, M., & Radovanovic, M. (2015). Ranking of some most commonly used nontraditional machining processes using rov and critic methods. UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D: Mechanical Engineering, 77(2), 193–204.

Makovskaja, N., & Okunevičiūtė Neverauskienė, L. (2020, May 8). Socialinė gerovė ekonomikos pokyčių kontekste. In Proceedings of the 23th Conference for Junior Researchers “Science – Future of Lithuania”. Technika. https://doi.org/10.3846/vvf.2020.023

Martin, R., & Radu, D. (2012). Return migration: The experience of Eastern Europe. International Migration, 50(6), 109–128. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2012.00762.x

Massey, D. S., Mooney, M., Torres, K. C., & Charles, C. Z. (2007). Black immigrants and black natives attending selective colleges and universities in the United States. American Journal of Education, 113(2), 243–271. https://doi.org/10.1086/510167

Migrant Integration Policy Index. (2020). What is MIPEX. https://www.mipex.eu/what-is-mipex

Mikulionienė, S. (2005). Socialinė atskirtis: sąvokos samprata ir vartosena Lietuvoje. Socialinis darbas, 4(2), 20–32. https://repository.mruni.eu/bitstream/handle/007/13088/2116-4494-1-SM.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Panda, S., Chakraborty, M., & Misra, S. K. (2016). Assessment of social sustainable development in urban India by a composite index. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 5(2), 435–450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2016.08.001

Schlueter, E., & Davidov, E. (2013). Contextual sources of perceived group threat: Negative immigration-related news reports, immigrant group size and their interaction, Spain 1996–2007. European Sociological Review, 29(2), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcr054

Simionescu, M. (2019). European economic integration and migration in Romania. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 32(1), 3607–3626. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2019.1674176

Snieška, V., & Zykiene, I. (2014). The role of infrastructure in the future city: Theoretical perspective. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 156, 247–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.11.183

Stoet, G., & Geary, D. C. (2020). The gender-equality paradox is part of a bigger phenomenon: Reply to Richardson and colleagues (2020). Psychological Science, 31(3), 342–344. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620904134

Stojilovska, A., Guyet, R., Mahoney, K., Gouveia, J. P., Castaño-Rosa, R., Živčič, L., Barbosa, R., & Tkalec, T. (2022). Energy poverty and emerging debates: Beyond the traditional triangle of energy poverty drivers. Energy Policy, 169, 113181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113181

Tatarko, A., & Jurcik, T. (2021). Migrant integration policies, perceived group threat and generalized trust: A case of European countries. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 22(2), 705–727. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-020-00763-4

The World bank. (2023). Home. https://www.worldbank.org/en/home

Tulchinsky, T. H., & Varavikova, E. A. (2014). Chapter 1 – A history of public health. In The new public health (3rd ed., pp. 1–42). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415766-8.00001-X

Tuş, A., & Aytaç Adalı, E. (2019). The new combination with CRITIC and WASPAS methods for the time and attendance software selection problem. OPSEARCH, 56(2), 528–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12597-019-00371-6

United Nations. (2016). International Migration Report 2015. https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/publications/migrationreport/docs/MigrationReport2015_Highlights.pdf

Urzúa, A., Caqueo-Urízar, A., Henríquez, D., Domic, M., Acevedo, D., Ralph, S., Reyes, G., & Tang, D. (2021). Ethnic identity as a mediator of the relationship between discrimination and psychological well-being in South – South migrant populations. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052359

Vepšta, P., Janušauskas, A., Uleckas, A., & Nedzinskas, E. (2009). Modern processes of migracion and there inflence on the labour market of Lithuania. Vadyba, 2(14), 19–25.

Worldometer. (2023). Current world population. https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/

Yilmaz, B., & Harmancioglu, N. (2010). Multi-criteria decision making for water resource management: A case study of the Gediz River Basin, Turkey. Water SA, 36(5). https://doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v36i5.61990

Zavadskas, E. K., & Turskis, Z. (2011). Multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) methods in economics: An overview. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 17(2), 397–427. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2011.593291

Žibas, K., & Platačiūtė, V. (2012). Migrantų integracija ir migracijos tinklai Lietuvoje: nuo teorinių veiksnių iki empirinių duomenų. In Olkos: lietuvių migracijos ir diasporos studijos (pp. 7–22). Versus Aureus.

Žižovic, M., Miljkovic, B., & Marinkovic, D. (2020). Objective methods for determining criteria weight coefficients: A modification of the critic method. Decision Making: Applications in Management and Engineering, 3(2), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.31181/dmame2003149z